Symptom: Adult ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults)

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is well recognized in children and is increasingly recognized in adults. The labels used to describe this cluster of problems have changed many times over the past 100 years, but currently the terms attention deficit disorder (ADD), or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), are most popular. ADHD is distinguished from other disorders by differences in intensity and persistence of particular groups of symptoms. ADHD develops from a combination of genetic inheritance and life experiences. In general, these qualities often result in a lack of fit between expectations and the individual's performance.The exact characteristics or symptoms defining this set of problems continue to be defined. ADHD is not considered just a problem with poor attention but is additionally a problem with moderating emotions and effective self-regulation, particularly of activity level and impulse control. Dealing with the demands of everyday life requires self-regulation to develop successful life skills. For people with ADHD, problems with self-regulation often cause difficulty managing emotions, so they might respond to small events with excessive behavior and emotion while not noticing more important events. Also, problems with self-control make it difficult to develop good habits. Compared with other people, those with ADHD often require more practice over longer periods of time to develop effective behavior that is self-regulated or habitual. These issues can result in complications in many aspects of life, including school or job achievement, performance in athletic activities, driving, as well as success in relationships, specifically friendships, dating, and marriage.Again, the root problem in ADHD is not a simple problem of not paying attention. When people with ADHD are involved in an area that naturally holds their interest, they may pay attention as well as, or nearly as well as, others. However, when tasks are repetitive or hold no interest for that person, these individuals often experience greater difficulty maintaining focus and remaining on task. Therefore, they may be prone to procrastination and immaturity.ADHD is a well-recognized diagnosis in children that has been formally identified in adults for about the past 20 years. In order to be assessed with ADHD, an adult should have a history of some symptoms during childhood. Therefore, truly adult-onset ADHD is not thought to exist. As children with ADHD grow up, their overtly hyperactive-impulsive qualities often diminish, while the inattentive and disorganized patterns of behavior remain constant. Their hyperactive-impulsive problems may also become more internal and overtly subtle. Adults with ADHD often fit this pattern: inattention, disorganization, and low tolerance of frustration or boredom, combined with the childhood history of inattention, as well as overt hyperactivity, and/or impulsivity. The level of impulsiveness in childhood seems to be the best predictor of symptoms later in life. High levels of childhood impulsivity seem to predict more serious adult dysfunction.Recognizing that ADHD can continue from childhood into adulthood has taken a significant amount of time. ADHD afflicts 1%-6% of adults. Current statistics are that 85% of children receiving the diagnosis of ADHD are at risk for having the disorder as an adult. About one-third of those children may outgrow many symptoms; however, not all symptoms are outgrown. The remaining two-thirds of children with ADHD continue to have most symptoms, but those symptoms may be different in adulthood than in childhood. For example, the child who has trouble sitting still may grow up into an adult who gets bored easily. Adults with ADHD may also experience significant co-simultaneous mental illness and life problems, such as impulse and borderline personality problems, substance abuse, as well as a significant risk for depression and anxiety disorders. Everything from avoidance of environmental toxins to exercise are believed to be ways to prevent this condition.

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Read What Your Physician is Reading on Medscape Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder »Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental condition of inattention and distractibility, with or without accompanying hyperactivity. Read More on Medscape Reference »
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1 23...Next»(Page 1 of 14)GlossaryADHD in Adults Topic Guide YOU MAY ALSO LIKE VIEW ADHD in Adults Must Read Articles Related to ADHD in Adults SSRIs and Depression Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are antidepressants that affect serotonin levels in the brain. Serotonin is a chemical neurotransmitter. Side ef...learn more >> Understanding Antidepressant Medications There are many types of depression such as clinical depression, major depression, seasonal affective depression, dysthymia, and bipolar disorder. There are a va...learn more >> See the Entire ADHD in Adults Topic Guide » Patient Comments & Reviews The eMedicineHealth doctors ask about Adult ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults): Adult ADHD - Prognosis What is your adult ADHD prognosis? Share Your Story Adult ADHD - Experience Please describe your experience with adult ADHD. Share Your Story Adult ADHD - Symptoms What are your symptoms? View 7 Comments Share Your Story ADHD in Adults - Treatment What treatment has been effective for your adult ADHD? 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Read What Your Physician is Reading on Medscape Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder »Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental condition of inattention and distractibility, with or without accompanying hyperactivity. Read More on Medscape Reference »
Featured Topics
  • MS Slideshow
  • Teeth Wrecking Habits
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Medical Author: Roxanne Dryden-Edwards, MD Medical Editor: William C. Shiel Jr., MD, FACP, FACR

Source: http://www.emedicinehealth.com

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is well recognized in children and is increasingly recognized in adults. The labels used to describe this cluster of problems have changed many times over the past 100 years, but currently the terms attention deficit disorder (ADD), or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), are most popular. ADHD is distinguished from other disorders by differences in intensity and persistence of particular groups of symptoms. ADHD develops from a combination of genetic inheritance and life experiences. In general, these qualities often result in a lack of fit between expectations and the individual's performance.The exact characteristics or symptoms defining this set of problems continue to be defined. ADHD is not considered just a problem with poor attention but is additionally a problem with moderating emotions and effective self-regulation, particularly of activity level and impulse control. Dealing with the demands of everyday life requires self-regulation to develop successful life skills. For people with ADHD, problems with self-regulation often cause difficulty managing emotions, so they might respond to small events with excessive behavior and emotion while not noticing more important events. Also, problems with self-control make it difficult to develop good habits. Compared with other people, those with ADHD often require more practice over longer periods of time to develop effective behavior that is self-regulated or habitual. These issues can result in complications in many aspects of life, including school or job achievement, performance in athletic activities, driving, as well as success in relationships, specifically friendships, dating, and marriage.Again, the root problem in ADHD is not a simple problem of not paying attention. When people with ADHD are involved in an area that naturally holds their interest, they may pay attention as well as, or nearly as well as, others. However, when tasks are repetitive or hold no interest for that person, these individuals often experience greater difficulty maintaining focus and remaining on task. Therefore, they may be prone to procrastination and immaturity.ADHD is a well-recognized diagnosis in children that has been formally identified in adults for about the past 20 years. In order to be assessed with ADHD, an adult should have a history of some symptoms during childhood. Therefore, truly adult-onset ADHD is not thought to exist. As children with ADHD grow up, their overtly hyperactive-impulsive qualities often diminish, while the inattentive and disorganized patterns of behavior remain constant. Their hyperactive-impulsive problems may also become more internal and overtly subtle. Adults with ADHD often fit this pattern: inattention, disorganization, and low tolerance of frustration or boredom, combined with the childhood history of inattention, as well as overt hyperactivity, and/or impulsivity. The level of impulsiveness in childhood seems to be the best predictor of symptoms later in life. High levels of childhood impulsivity seem to predict more serious adult dysfunction.Recognizing that ADHD can continue from childhood into adulthood has taken a significant amount of time. ADHD afflicts 1%-6% of adults. Current statistics are that 85% of children receiving the diagnosis of ADHD are at risk for having the disorder as an adult. About one-third of those children may outgrow many symptoms; however, not all symptoms are outgrown. The remaining two-thirds of children with ADHD continue to have most symptoms, but those symptoms may be different in adulthood than in childhood. For example, the child who has trouble sitting still may grow up into an adult who gets bored easily. Adults with ADHD may also experience significant co-simultaneous mental illness and life problems, such as impulse and borderline personality problems, substance abuse, as well as a significant risk for depression and anxiety disorders. Everything from avoidance of environmental toxins to exercise are believed to be ways to prevent this condition.

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