Adie's pupil is a type of pupil abnormality that is characterized by a sluggish or absent pupillary response to light. It is named after the Scottish neurologist William John Adie, who first described the condition in 1931. The condition is caused...

The term albinism typically refers to oculocutaneous (ok-u-low-ku-TAY-nee-us) albinism (OCA) — a group of inherited disorders where there is little or no production of the pigment melanin. The type and amount of melanin your body produces de...

Albinism is a rare, non-contagious, genetically inherited condition that results in little or no production of the pigment melanin in the skin, hair, and eyes. People with albinism may have very pale skin, white or light-colored hair, and vision p...

Bacterial keratitis is an infection of the cornea, the clear outer layer of the eye, caused by bacteria. Symptoms of bacterial keratitis include redness, pain, light sensitivity, blurred vision, and discharge from the eye. Treatment typically invo...

Cataracts are a clouding of the lens in the eye that affects vision. Most cataracts are related to aging. Symptoms may include blurry vision, poor night vision, sensitivity to light and glare, faded colors, halos around lights, and double vision i...

Conjunctivitis, commonly known as pink eye, is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, the thin, transparent membrane that lines the inner surface of the eyelid and covers the white part of the eye. It is usually caused by a bacterial or viral infecti...

Contact lens-related eye infections are infections of the eye caused by the improper use of contact lenses. These infections can range from mild to severe and can cause a variety of symptoms, including redness, itching, burning, and blurred vision...

Corneal abrasion is a condition in which the outer layer of the cornea (the clear, dome-shaped surface that covers the front of the eye) is scratched or scraped. It is a common eye injury that can cause pain, redness, tearing, and light sensitivit...

Corneal dystrophies are a group of inherited eye disorders that cause progressive changes to the cornea, the clear outer layer of the eye. These disorders can cause vision loss and other eye problems. Symptoms vary depending on the type of corneal...

Corneal laceration is a tear or cut in the cornea, the clear, dome-shaped surface that covers the front of the eye. It is usually caused by a sharp object, such as a fingernail, a piece of metal, or a tree branch. Corneal lacerations can cause pai...

A corneal ulcer is an open sore on the cornea, the clear dome-shaped surface that covers the front of the eye. It is usually caused by an infection, such as bacterial, viral, or fungal, or by an injury to the eye. Symptoms of a corneal ulcer inclu...

Cyclic vomiting syndrome is characterized by episodes of severe vomiting that ha...

Cockayne Syndrome (CS) is a rare form of dwarfism. It is an inherited disorder whose diagnosis depends on the presence of three signs (1) growth retardation, i.e. short stature, (2) abnormal sensitivity to light (photosensitivity), and (3) prematu...

Eye allergies, also known as allergic conjunctivitis, are a type of allergic reaction that affects the eyes. Symptoms of eye allergies include redness, itching, burning, tearing, and swelling of the eyes. Eye allergies are usually caused by airbor...

Fungal keratitis is an infection of the cornea, the clear outer layer of the eye, caused by a fungus. It is a rare but serious condition that can cause vision loss if not treated promptly. Symptoms of fungal keratitis include redness, pain, blurre...

Herpes Keratitis is an infection of the cornea caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). It is a common cause of corneal blindness and can cause severe vision loss if left untreated. Symptoms of Herpes Keratitis include redness, pain, light sensit...

Herpes Zoster, commonly known as shingles, is a viral infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox. It is characterized by a painful rash with blisters that typically appears on one side of the face or body...

Hyphema is a condition in which there is bleeding in the front chamber of the eye, between the cornea and the iris. It is usually caused by trauma to the eye, such as a blunt force or a sharp object. Symptoms of hyphema include blurred vision, red...

Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Uveitis (JIAU) is a type of eye inflammation that is associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). It is a rare condition that affects the uvea, which is the middle layer of the eye. Symptoms of JIAU include re...

Migraine is a type of headache that is usually characterized by a throbbing or pulsing pain on one side of the head, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound. It is a neurological disorder that affects about 12% of the p...

Migraine headache is a result of specific changes within the brain. It causes severe head pain that is often accompanied by sensitivity to light, sound, or smells. Common symptoms of migraine are: Eye pain Sensi...

Nystagmus is a condition in which the eyes make repetitive, uncontrolled movements. It can be caused by a variety of conditions, including inner ear problems, vision problems, and neurological disorders. Symptoms may include blurred vision, dizzin...

Onchocerciasis, also known as African River Blindness, is a parasitic infection caused by the filarial worm Onchocerca volvulus. It is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected blackfly. Symptoms of the infection include severe itching...

Photokeratitis is a painful eye condition caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. It is sometimes referred to as "snow blindness" or "welder's flash." Symptoms of photokeratitis include redness, tearing, pain, and temporary vision loss. ...

Phthisis, also known as pulmonary tuberculosis, is one of the most common illnesses that humans face. It affects people of all ages, from all walks of life, and in every country.  While phthisis may affect almost every organ in...

Strabismus, commonly known as crossed eyes, is a condition in which the eyes are not properly aligned with each other. It is caused by a lack of coordination between the extraocular muscles, which control the movement of the eyes. Strabismus can c...

Toxoplasmosis is an infection caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii. It is most commonly spread through contact with infected cat feces, but can also be spread through contaminated food or water, or from mother to baby during pregnancy. Symptom...

Trachoma is an infectious eye disease caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. It is the leading cause of infectious blindness worldwide, and is most common in areas with poor hygiene and sanitation. Symptoms of trachoma include redness and ...

Trichiasis is a condition in which the eyelashes grow inwards, towards the eye, instead of outwards. This can cause irritation, pain, and even vision loss if left untreated. Treatment typically involves electrolysis or laser surgery to remove the ...

Uveitis is inflammation of the 'uvea' of the eye. The uvea is made up of three parts. The first part is the iris, which is the colored ring of tissue you can see in the mirror. The dark hole in the middle of the iris is the pupil. The second and t...

Uveitis is an inflammation of the uvea, the middle layer of the eye that contains the blood vessels, iris, and ciliary body. It can cause pain, redness, and blurred vision. Uveitis can be caused by infection, injury, or autoimmune diseases. Treatm...